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Unit12 Hydrometallurgy (Ⅱ) leaching |
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表格和插图是科技英语中一种常见的辅助表述手段,经常在图表下还附有文字说明。 表格一般由表序、表题、表头、表身及表注组成,科技英语中的表格多采用三线表的形式,如表12-1所示。也有一些文献采用二线表或一线表形式的表格,即在表格中去掉最下端的线或只保留最上段的线。 1、 无时限的表格的翻译无时限指的是在这种表格或插图中没有时间参数。如表12-1就是空气中组成成分的三线表。 Table 12-1 Composition of the air
上表的说明文是: As is shown in the table, the two most important/major/principal components of air are nitrogen and oxygen. They form almost 99% of the total. Less than 1 percent of air is composed of argon. The other five gases occur is only very small proportions. 另外本书Unit 9 中的表9-1也是一个很好的例子。 表12-2是关于纯金属的相对电导率的数据。 Table 12-2 Relative electrical conductivity of pure metals (at 20℃)
这种表格的说明中常用到的句型是: As is shown in the table (in Fig. 1)…… As can be seen from the table…… As (has been stated) in the table (in Fig. 1) …… As (has been proved) in the table (in Fig. 1)…… 2、 涉及一种时间的表格的译法涉及一种时间的表格常常是提供过去某一时间内的信息。由于这一时间点常常是过去了的,所以说明中要用一般过去时态。如表12-3所示是1960年世界主要产铜国的铜产量。 Table 12-3 The copper production of the copper producing countries in 1960
从表12-3中的数据可以看出,1960年世界总产量估计为4 200 000吨。上表中数据的说明语如下(要注意句子的时态以及作者如何依次介绍各个国家的产量): In 1960 the ten leading copper producing countries produced nearly 90% of the world total. The largest producer was the USA, one fourth of world production coming from this source. In fact, the USA was the only country to produce more than one million tons. Three other countries each produces half a million tons or more; in decreasing order they were Zambia, Chile and USSR. This group was followed by two countries, Canada and Congo, producing 350 000 and 300 000 tons respectively. Finally, there were a group of smaller producers, led by Peru and Australia. It is worth noting that copper deposits are distributed relatively evenly throughout the world because they occur in small quantities in all continents except in America. 3、 涉及多种时间的表格和插图的译法我们要表示某一个数据随着时间的变化而变化时,表和插图都可以使用,但是表格更能直观地反应数据的变化情况。详见Unit 13的附课(线图的翻译)。 |
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